48. (i) No person shall be convicted of the crime except for violation of a law in force at the time of the commission of the act charged as an offence; nor be subjected to a penalty greater than that which might have been inflicted at the time of the commission of the offence; nor be tried except by a competent court and in accordance with the prescribed law.
(ii) No person shall be punished for the same offence more than once, nor be compelled in any criminal case to be a witness against himself.
(iii) No person, if within the reach of the state authorities, may be tried without being given a lawful hearing and duly invited to defend himself.
(iv) No citizen shall be deprived by any Statute or order of access to the court for the purpose of demanding reparation of injury or damages.