Article I. This Constitution is promulgated with the purpose of establishing the following rights, and enforcing the following fundamental principles of democratic freedom.
(a) The supreme sovereignty belongs to the entire people, and shall be exercised directly through the control of the executive as well as the legislative functions of the State, by elected representatives of the people.
(b) The people have the inalienable right to alter and modify the political organisation of society.
(c) The right of revolt against tyranny and oppression is sacred.
(d) Autonomous Indian Provinces, formed as far as possible on the basis of linguistic and cultural homogeneity and freely agreeing to unite in a federation, shall form the Federal Union of India.
(e) All territorial units in India, including those that remain out of the Federal Union, shall have a uniformly democratic Constitution.
(f) The State being the political organisation of society, it shall in all cases be identical with the entire people.
(g) The land as well as the underground riches are collective property of the people.
(h) Promotion of the productivity of labour through the introduction of modern mechanical means of production, is a responsibility of the State.
(i) Basic industries and the credit system shall be subject to State control.
(j) The State shall start large-scale industries under collective ownership.
(k)Cultivators are entitled to hold land, without any disability, subject to the payment of a unitary land tax to be fixed by law.
(l) The Government shall promote large-scale cooperative agriculture through the supply of modern machinery and cheap credit.
(m) An irreducible standard of living for all laboring in fields, factories, mines, transport, offices and schools; shall be guaranteed by minimum wages fixed by law.
(n) Adequately remunerative employment or relief is a right of citizenship.
(o) Nobody shall labour for more than eight hours a day, for six days a week, and every worker shall be entitled to one month’s leave with full pay every year, and women workers to three months maternity leave with full pay.
(p) There shall be statutory provision of social security for the old, sick and incapacitated.
(q) Education for all children up to the age of fourteen shall be free, compulsory and secular.
(r) The promotion of public health and sanitation shall be a charge on public revenue.
(s) The freedom of press and speech is guaranteed to all but the enemies of the people.
(t) The right of association for the purpose of safeguarding and amelioration of economic conditions and the political status of workers, employees and peasants shall be guaranteed.
(u) All citizens of the Federal Union of India are guaranteed inviolability of the person. No person shall be placed under arrest except on order by legally constituted Court.
(v) The inviolability of the homes of citizens and privacy of correspondence are protected by law.
(w) Individual citizens will have full freedom of worship.
(x) There shall be identical rights and responsibilities of citizenship for men and women.
(y) The rights of minorities shall be protected by proportional representation through separate electorates on all elected public bodies.